12.24 (1992)
SolvedGiven a ring $R$ with identity, the automorphisms of $R[[x]]$ sending $x$ to $x(1 + \sum_{i=1}^\infty a_i x^i)$, $a_i \in R$, form a group $N(R)$. We know that $N(\mathbb{Z})$ contains a copy of the free group $F_2$ of rank 2 and, from work of A. Weiss, that $N(\mathbb{Z}/p\mathbb{Z})$ contains a copy of every finite $p$-group (but not of $\mathbb{Z}_{p^\infty}$), $p$ a prime. Does $N(\mathbb{Z}/p\mathbb{Z})$ contain a copy of $F_2$?
Progress
Yes, it does (R. Camina, J. Algebra, 196, no. 1 (1997), 101–113). I. B. Fesenko noted that this fact might have been known to specialists in the theory of fields of norms back in 1985 (J.-P. Wintenberger, J.-M. Fontaine, F. Laubie); however a proof based on this theory first appeared only in (I. B. Fesenko, Preprint, Nottingham Univ., 1998).
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